Magic is basically when man is in control of the supernatural. This is when man, by the use of ritual, forms, ceremonies has almost absolute control over the spiritual forces. Man manipulates the spirits by knowing the right names, having the right instruments, etc. Magic may be used to fortify the individual or community in any undertaking such as love, war, hunting, etc.

The magical expert may gain his power by knowledge and training; he may but it or inherit it. It may reside in some part of his person and he may have to observe certain taboos because of his position as a magical expert.

Dusun

Individuals possessed of great magical strengths that protect them against poisons (magical or not) have acquired through ritual action a set of magically endowed objects or a specific antidote for poisoning. These are hidden in the body.

Charms are objects invested with magical power. They may be of many different forms and for may purposes; they may act as protection against accidents, evil magic, etc., or give power, luck or good health. These may be worn by people or they may not.

Picalqui - Ecuador (treatment) They accomplish healing by sucking the blood from the leg of a small bird regarded as having a humanlike face.

Choco' - Panama

They believe a man can kill his enemy by digging out a footprint and planting a poisonous vine in it; thought to have the power in it to kill the victim. These communications are not dependent upon the action of any spirit being who must interpret the message and provide an answer. Rather, magical rites bear within themselves their own inexorable power.